International Labour Day, commonly known as May Day or Workers’ Day, is celebrated annually on May 1st in over 80 countries, including India, Cuba, China, and many others. The day commemorates the historic labour movement’s efforts to advocate for workers’ rights, fair wages, and better working conditions. Originally associated with an ancient northern hemisphere spring festival, May 1st became linked to the labour movement in the late 19th century when trade unions and socialist groups designated it as a day to support workers.

The origin of International Labour Day can be traced back to May 1st, 1886, when labour unions in the United States initiated a strike demanding an eight-hour workday. This strike led to the tragic events of May 4th, 1886, at Chicago’s Haymarket Square, where a peaceful rally turned violent with a bomb explosion, resulting in casualties among both civilians and police officers. Following a meeting in Paris in 1889, inspired by the Chicago protests, May Day was officially recognized as an annual event by the International’s 2nd Congress in 1891, with Raymond Lavigne’s proposal for international demonstrations marking the anniversary of the Haymarket events.

In India, the first May Day celebrations were organized in Chennai on May 1st, 1923, by the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan, led by Comrade Singaravelar. This event marked the beginning of May Day observances in the country.

May Day is celebrated with various events such as parades, marches, speeches, and cultural performances organized by left-wing parties and workers’ unions. It serves as a day to recognize and honor the contributions of workers worldwide and to promote workers’ rights and opportunities. In many countries, Labour Day is observed as a national public holiday, allowing workers to take a break and reflect on the progress made in securing their rights and improving their working conditions.

Overall, International Labour Day is a powerful reminder of the ongoing struggle for social justice and the essential role that workers play in shaping our societies. By acknowledging their hard work and sacrifices, we can collectively strive towards a future where decent work and social justice are fundamental principles of a thriving global economy.